A complication of tonsillitis in which the infection spreads behind the tonsils.
A peritonsillar abscess occurs when a collection of pus forms and infection spreads beyond the tonsils into the neck and chest. Swollen tissues can block the airway.
Fibrous dysplasia is a chronic problem in which scar-like tissue grows in place of normal bone. It often results in one or more, of the following: Bone deformity. Brittle bones.
Anaesthetics – local & genral
….
1.Bupivacaine
Used as
👉 Percutaneous infiltration anaesthesia ,
👉 peripheral nerve block
👉Sympathetic nerve block,
👉retrobulbar block ,
🙏Buloc by celonInj – 0.25 % & in 0.5 % ( 20ml ).🙏Bupivan by Sun pharmaInj :- 0.25% (20ml)0.5% ( 20ml )0.5% ( 4ml ).🙏 Marcain by AHPLInj:- 0.5 % ( 20ml )Inj :- 1 % ( 2ml )
👉 used in Induction & maintenance of general anaesthesia.🙏Fluothane by AhPLI:vap :- 100% in ( 200 , 250 , 30, 50 ml ) soln.
👉 Induction & maintenance of general anaesthesia.🙏 Forane by abbott
Inhalant :- 100% in ( 100, 250 ml )
🙏Isorane by AhPLI:sol :- 5mg/5ml in ( 100,250,30 ml )
.,🙏Ketam by sunInj 10mg/ ml (10ml )Inj 50mg / ml ( 2ml ).🙏Ketmin by Themis medicareInj 50mg /ml ( 10 ml )Inj 50 mg/ ml ( 2ml ).🙏Ketsia by celonInj 100mg ( 2ml )
AbbreviationI sol :- inhalation solution
Ivap :- inhalation vapour
🙏Gesican 2% gelly by AHPL ( 30ml )
🙏Lidopatch by zydus cadila
T:patch- 5%
🙏Xylocaine by AstraZenecaT:sol:- 2% 100mlOint :- 5% w/w ( 20mg )Jelly :- 2% w/w ( 30mg )
🙏Xylocard 2 % by AstraZenecaInj (21.3mg/ml ) 50ml soln
🙏 Xylocaine viscous by astra zeneca
T:sol :- 21.3mg/ml ( 100ml )
🙏 Xylocaine topical 4% by AstraZeneca
T:sol :- 42.7mg/ml ( 30ml )
🙏Nummet by icpa
Spy :- 15% w/w ( 100g )
.
Some Combinations
Lidocaine + epinephrine
🙏 Lignosafe by stedman( Lignocaine hcl 21.3mg & adrenaline 0.0125mg/ml )
🙏 Xylocaine with adrenaline 2% by AstraZeneca( Lidocaine hcl 21.3mg , adrenaline 0.005mg , nacl 6mg /ml )Inj 30ml
Some other combination🙏 Xylocaine 5% heavy ( lignocaine hcl 53.3mg/ml , Dextrose 75mg ) inj in 2ml
& Xylocaine soln ( same dosage as above ) T:Sol 100ml by AstraZeneca
🙏 Xylocaine spray by AstraZeneca( Lidocaine hcl 100mg , ethanol 28.29% ) 500ml.🙏Xicaine by icpa( Lignocaine 2 percent , adrenaline 0.022mg) inj 30ml&( Lignocaine hcl 2% , adrenaline 0.009 mg ) inj 30ml.🙏Asthesia by unichem( Lidocaine 2.5% w/w , prilocaine 2.5% )CRM (15,30,5 )g.AbbreviationCrm :- cream
❇️ The Vazirani-Akinosi technique:
🔆“It is a specific method of nerve block in the mandibular region, carried out with the mouth closed.
❇️ The area of distribution of the anaesthesia includes
a) the corresponding dental arch,
b) the body of the jaw and the inferior ramus,
c) the gingiva/mucosa and vestibular periosteum, anterior to the mental foramen
d) the area of distribution of the lingual nerve: 2/3 of the anterior of the tongue and floor of the mouth, the gingiva/ mucosa and lingual periosteum.
🔆» The main indication, already anticipated, is trismus: classically this is contraction of the masticatory musculature which prevents the performance of effective inferior alveolar anaesthesia, for example, in cases of pulpitis or an abscess of a lower molar.
– By Dr. Sneha poeghal , Mallareddy institute of dental sciences , hyd .
References – Malamed