1) Condylar Hypoplasia/Aplasia –
Clinical Features
1) Unilateral involvement (most common)
- Defective/absent external ear
- Underdeveloped ramus
- Facial asymmetry
- Altered occlusion & mastication
- Lack of downward & forward growth of the body of mandible
- Thickening of bone- Angle of mandible
- Shift of mandible towards the affected side.
2) Bilateral involvement:
- Micrognathia
- Dental crowding
- Open bite
Severe Cases
- Airway obstruction
- Posterior displacement of tongue
- Feeding and speech error
Treatment
- Cartilage/Bone transplants – Osteotomy
- Tracheostomy – Airway obstruction
- Severe cases – Osteoplasty
2) Condylar Hyperplasia:-
➡️ Enlargement due to chronic inflammation.
Clinical Features
- Age – 3rd decades; Sex – Females
- Elongation of face
- Deviation of chin away from the affected side.
- O/M: Malocclusion
Treatment
- Condylectomy
- Orthodontics
- Orthognathic Surgery
3) Bifid Condyle:-
➡️ A deep groove/depression around midline of condylar head due to lack of blood supply or trauma. Asymptomatic in nature.
Dr. Mehnaz Memon🖊
References: Shafers Textbook Of Oral Pathology 7Ed, Image Source: Google